Diet, Gut Dysbiosis and Liver Cirrhosis and their Influence upon Hepatic Encephalopathy

Cirrhosis is the end stage of progressive liver fibrosis, resulted from chronic inflammation and injury. Early identification risk factors appropriate treatment for hepatic decompensation paramount positive health outcomes. In this review study, we revisited mechanisms associated with gut dysbiosis intestinal hyperpermeability in advanced disease, further discussed nutritional strategies management cirrhosis. dysbiosis, proportionally lower concentrations bacteria belonging to beneficial taxa such as Lachnospiraceae, Clostridiales, Ruminococcaceae Veillonellaceae others are observed, relation pathogenic Enterobacteriaceae, Bacteroidaceae others. Cirrhotic patients present decreased bowel motility, bacterial overgrowth increased permeability. Dysbiosis may exacerbate conditions due ability adhere epithelium, produce endotoxin, disrupt bile acid metabolism, activate immune system trigger inflammation, a vicious cycle. The triad encephalopathy – cirrhosis an evident entity, primary prevention well those three aim strongly at improving by focusing on interventions. High-protein diets be recommended patients, protein source key factor consider, so dietary fibre carbohydrate compositions. Attention given reduce saturated fat intake. Supplementation branched-chain amino acids, probiotics prebiotics have also shown results.